How is trans prejudice an impact of neo-colonialism in India, and how does the narrative of Shikhandi of the Mahabharata challenge the cultural imperialism brought about by neo-colonialism?

Abstract

In the midst of the allegations that genderfluidity is a modern and Western trend, this paper sheds light on various pre-colonial cultures that celebrate the trans community. It mainly focuses on ancient India and explores Neo-Colonialism in various forms as an answer to the question “Where does modern-day transphobia in India arise from if it was never a part of Indian culture to begin with?”  It further expands on the reasons for prejudice through judicial, cultural, and socioeconomic brainwashing and how it continues to have an impact in modern India despite 78 years of independence. Due to centuries of brainwashing, society has become desensitised to the blatant hatred and crime against the queer community. The paper thus delves into the importance of bringing back old narratives, which are a vital part of Indian culture, and interpreting them in a trans-positive light to challenge the ideals of neo-colonialism. It expands on the attempts to reverse the impacts of cultural imperialism through important literary texts to embed the acceptance of gender fluidity. Shikhandi, one of the most essential transgender characters of the Mahabharata, has been used as a medium to symbolise modern-day prejudice, acceptance, and its impacts. Furthermore, his narrative shows the pre-colonial celebration of gender fluidity. This character has gained significant popularity amongst queer youth as the metaphors in his story resonate with the struggles of said youth. In summary, the paper discusses how Neo-colonialism has created modern-day prejudice, continues to affect us, and how that framework can be challenged by reclaiming our trans positive culture.